Class customization
Class customization allows you to define how a class behaves for specific operations such as printing or accessing attributes.
Customize classes by creating instances methods using special method names (double underscores).
Rich comparison methods overload some common comparison operators.
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Rich comparison method
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Overloaded operator
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__lt__(self, other)
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Less than (<)
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__le__(self, other)
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Less than or equal-to (<=)
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__gt__(self, other)
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Greater than (>)
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__ge__(self, other)
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Greater than or equal-to (>=)
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__eq__(self, other)
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Equal to (==)
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__ne__(self, other)
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Not equal to (!=)
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Operator overloading
Operator Overloading allows you to replace the functionality of numeric operators (such as +, -, *, and /) with a method.
For example, you can write an __add__(self, other) method to replace the functionality of the (+) operator.
Use the built-in isinstance() method to handle different object types for the operation.
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Method
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Description
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__add__(self, other)
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Add (+)
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__sub__(self, other)
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Subtract (-)
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__mul__(self, other)
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Multiply (*)
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__truediv__(self, other)
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Divide (/)
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__floordiv__(self, other)
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Floored division (//)
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__mod__(self, other)
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Modulus (%)
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__pow__(self, other)
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Exponentiation (**)
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__and__(self, other)
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"and" logical operator
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__or__(self, other)
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"or" logical operator
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__abs__(self)
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Absolute value (abs())
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__int__(self)
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Convert to integer (int())
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__float__(self)
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Convert to floating point (float())
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